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Now I will explain the concept of 2 stroke engine and 4 stroke gasoline engines.

Let’s start in the vision of Sanchit Saxena and make it simple.

How 2 stroke engine works

2 stroke engine(gasoline)

This diagram shows us the working of 2 stroke principle, before we start some important things we need to know: Spark plug, Transfer port, connecting rod, crank case, Inlet port, exhausts port, stroke.

Spark plug It is a device that ignites the mixture of fuel and air with the help of current; it is located in head of I.C engine.

Spark plug

Transfer port

It is related to the transformation of fuel and air mixture to the upper chamber due to compression force.

Connecting rod It’s a rod that connects piston to crank shaft, together with the crank they form a simple mechanism that converts reciprocating motion into rotating motion.

Connecting rod

Crank case -The area around the crankshaft is called the crankcase; it is located below the cylinders, it helps to pre-compress the mixture of fuel and air.

Crank case
· Inlet port

The port in which Fuel mixture is drawn into the crank case.

Exhaust port

The port in which the burn fuel is pushed out by compressed fuel mixture.

Stroke

The moment of piston from upward to downward direction or the opposite is known as Stroke.

The moment of piston from T.D.C (top dead center) to B.D.C (bottom dead center) or the opposite is known as stroke.

As we know that in 2 stroke engine has 2 stroke i.e. upstroke and down stroke. Let’s start,

in upward stroke (B.D.C to T.D.C)first the previous stroke fuel mixture is compressed and ignited by the spark plug, when it produce spark in cylinder, the mixture of fuel and air is burn and converted into a hot gases at this stage we get power stroke. Hot burned gases expand and they push down the piston. On other side the mixture of fuel and air is enter into the crankcase through inlet port and it is pre-compressed by piston in crankcase.

Downward stroke (T.D.C to B.D.C) – In this stroke the burned fuel is pushed out by compressed fuel mixture and side by side the pre-compress fuel mixture is transfer through transfer port then it is compress in cylinder and then it ignite by the spark plug. Generally these types of I.C engine used in previous era, some best bikes and scotoors of 2 strokes are Yamaha rx 100, Bajaj Chetak. And the car is Subaru 360.

How 4 stroke engine works

At first we discuss about the following terms which are used in 4 stroke engine works

Intake valves – The function of intake valves is to allow the fuel and air mixture into the cylinder, these valves are located in the cylinder head of I.C engine, these valves are control by Cam shaft.
Exhaust valves – The function of exhaust valves is to escape the burned gases from a cylinder. These valves are located in the cylinder head of I.C engine; these valves are control by Cam shaft.

Let’s start as we know that 4 stroke engine having 4 strokes.

4 stroke engine

1. Suction – the mixture of fuel and air is entering in the cylinder by intake valve.

2. Compression- the fuel mixture is compressed by the piston.

3. Power- compress fuel mixture is igniting by spark plug.

4. Exhaust- the burn gases escape through the exhaust valves.

Let’s see this diagram, in this diagram intake means suction. First the mixture of fuel and air is enter in the cylinder through intake valve, the moment of piston is T.D.C to B.D.C, that stage is called suction, then that mixture is compressed by piston at this stage the inlet and exhaust valve are closed and the moment of piston is B.D.C to T.D.C that stage is called compression. When the mixture is compressed the spark is produced by the spark plug, due to this the mixture is burn and convert into hot gases. The hot gases expand and pushing down the piston, that force is five times greater than the work applied by the piston during compression stroke this stage is called power stroke. In this stage the intake and exhaust valve are closed, and the moment of piston is T.D.C to B.D.C. finally the remaining hot gases like CO, CO2 etc. These gases are waste and escape through the exhaust valves. The moment of piston is B.D.C to T.D.C and the inlet valve is close and exhaust valve is open. This stage is called Exhaust stroke.

On next article we show you the working of Rotary engine.

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MY main hobby is to know more and more about the automobile, and represent my knowledge to

learners according to my way. This is a technical page in which we try to convert our thought in a

easiest way so that all of them can easily understand the cars concepts………. Our main aim is to spread

our knowledge in every country and every student who thinks that automobile is a tough topic……

Lets start from the beginning of engines in vision of Sanchit Saxena........

What is meant by automobile?

Well according to me an automobile is a self-propelled passenger vehicle that usually has four wheels and an internal-combustion engine, used for land transport, we also called that it is a kind of robot that is operated by driver itself……but now a days research is being done in the field of artificial intelligence which will later on lead to driver less automobiles

Internal combustion engine

In our previous definition we read internal combustion engine. What is that? Well The internal combustion engine is an engine in which the combustion of fuel occurs, it mean the mixture of fuel and air is enter in the cylinder and it get compressed by the piston then we ignite the mixture with the help of spark plug, then our mixture get expansion and it cause the increase in temperature, due to this crank is move. The force moves the component over a distance, transforming chemical energy into mechanical energy. Generally we classified the internal combustion engine in 4 strokes, 2 strokes, rotary engine, diesel engine (4 stroke) . The working principle of internal combustion engine based on 2^nd law of thermodynamics( it tells about the direction of heat flow) IC engine is a device which converts some part of heat into work and reject remaining to the surrounding.

Before proceeding ahead we will discuss the following terms that are necessary to know: Crank shaft, Piston, Camshaft etc.

Basic components of engine

Crank shaft

Crank shaft is a part of an engine that translates reciprocating linear piston motion into rotation. It convert the reciprocating motion into rotational motion, its is connected to a flywheel to reduce the pulsation characteristic of four strokes and sometimes a torsional or vibrational damper at the opposite end, to reduce the torsional vibrations often caused along the length of crankshaft by the cylinders.

Piston

Piston A disk or cylindrical part tightly fitting and moving within a cylinder, either to compress or move a fluid collected in the cylinder, as air or water, or to transform energy imparted by a fluid entering or expanding inside the cylinder, as compressed air, explosive gases, or steam, into a rectilinear motion usually transformed into rotary motion by means of a connecting rod.

Camshaft

Camshaft is a part of engine which control the timing or movement of intake and exhaust. The key parts of any camshaft are the lobes. As the camshaft spins, the lobes open and close the intake and exhaust valves in time with the motion of the piston. It turns out that there is a direct relationship between the shape of the cam lobes and the way the engine performs in different speed ranges.

Now we discussed about the 2 strokes and 4 strokes

engine (Gasoline and Diesel), rotary engine.

A two-stroke engine is a type of IC engine which complete the power cycle in only one crankshaft revolution. It have two strokes upward and downward strokes. This accomplished by the end of the combustion stroke and the beginning of the compression stroke happening simultaneously and performing the intake and exhaust functions at the same time.

A four-stroke engine is an internal combustion engine in which the piston completes four separate strokes—intake, compression, power, and exhaust.

There are two common types of four-stroke engines. They are closely related to each other, but have major differences in design and behavior. The earliest of these to be developed is the Otto cycle engine developed in 1876 by Nikolaus August Otto in Cologne, Germany, after the operation principle described by Alphonse Beau de Rochas in 1861. This engine is most often referred to as a gasoline engine, after the fuel that powers it. The second type of four-stroke engine is the Diesel engine developed in 1893 by Rudolph Diesel, also of Germany. Diesel created his engine to improve efficiency compared with the Otto engine. There are several major differences between the Otto cycle engine and the four-stroke diesel engine. The diesel engine is made in both a two-stroke and a four-stroke version. Otto's company, Deutz AG, now primarily produces diesel engines.

Rotary engine we also called piston less rotary engine is an I.C engine that does not use pistons in the way a reciprocating engine does, but instead uses one or more rotors, sometimes called rotary pistons.